WHAT WE ARE DOING

WHY WE ARE DOING IT

Researching existing transit models

To understand what exists already for transportation and gain insight into modes of thinking about moving people and goods



Individually look at the transit examples in the Resource tab. As you go through these precedents, note how the system works, how it's powered, how many people could be moved by it, and what infrastructure it requires.

Individually or in pairs, choose one of the transit systems to focus on.

1st

~1 hr

Activity Steps

Individually or in your pair, create a slideshow that contains the following information about your transit system:

• Where is it located? Is this method used elsewhere in the world?
• How does the transit system relate to the area and its unique setting/environment? (write 2-3 sentences)
• What is awesome vs. awful about this transit system? 
• What are potential ways that this transit system can be improved? (Through sketching, Be imaginative!)

Also include at least 1 photograph of the systems and 1 sketch or diagram of the system.

2nd

Present your precedent research to the class using your slideshow.

3rd

LEVER

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

A lever is a machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum.

WHEEL & AXLE

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

The wheel and axle consists of a wheel attached to a smaller axle so that these two parts rotate together in which a force is transferred from one to the other.

INCLINED PLANE

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

An inclined plane is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a load.

WEDGE

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

PULLEY

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is designed to support movement and change of direction of a taut cable, rope or belt along its circumference.

PULLEY

SCREW

A wedge is a triangular shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

A screw is a mechanism that converts rotational motion to linear motion, and a torque to a linear force.

Scissor Lift

A scissor lift mechanism is a type of mechanical lifting system that uses linked, folding supports in a crisscross (scissor-like) pattern to raise or lower a platform.

Scissor Lift

SCISSOR

Tentacle

Tentacle motion refers to the flexible, fluid movement of a tentacle, commonly seen in octopuses, squids, and other cephalopods. Unlike rigid robotic arms or mechanical linkages, tentacle motion is highly dynamic, capable of bending, twisting, extending, and contracting in multiple directions without fixed joints.

TENTICLE

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GEARS

SLIDER

RAMP

SPINNER

3D Printing

• Export your 3d design as STL file

• download 🌐 PrusaSlicer
• Choose i3 MK3S & MK3S+

• import your STL file

Use this tool to move the object

Use this tool to scale the object

Use this tool to rotate the object

Use this tool to place a specific object's face onto the ground.

Use this tool to cut the object

Infill is how much you want the object to be filled from the inside

Choose the printer you are going to print this design on

Supports provide stability and prevent overhangs during the printing process.

Choose how detailed you want your model to be, keep in mind;

more details = more printing time

Finally, Export G-code and copy it to an SD card

By sliding this slider, you can see all the layers of the design

That's it!



Now you can take your SD card to the 3d printer

Insert the SD card into the 3D printer's SD card slot on the left side.

Choose print from SD card

Choose your G-code file

Nozzle temperature

Bed temperature

the process of printing in percentage

File's name

It will start by getting rid of a the plastic in the nozzle

To edit the setting you can go to "Tune"

printing speed

Nozzle temperature

Bes temperature

Fan speed

Material Flow

Now we wait

Curves

In Rhino terminology, the word curve includes lines, polylines (a series of straight-line segments joined end to end), arcs, ellipses, circles, or free-form curves that are generally smooth. Polycurves are made up of two or more curves joined end to end.

What does surface modeler mean?

Rhino has tools to create and edit various types of objects, of which surfaces are one. A surface in Rhino refers to an infinitely thin, infinitely flexible, mathematically-defined digital membrane. This is different from a solid modeler that deals with solid objects or a mesh modeler that deals with polygon meshes.

Surfaces are represented on screen by either some outline curves plus some interior curves, called isocurves, or by a shaded picture that makes a surface appear to have some substance and to show light and shading.

Polysurfaces

Rhino also has objects that consist of two or more surfaces joined together. This is possible when the edge of one

surface is located very close to the edge of another surface. We call these joined surfaces polysurfaces. Some

restrictions apply to editing polysurfaces, so Rhino makes it easy to extract the individual surfaces from polysurfaces

and join them back together.

Gumball

To extrude a polyline as a solid, make sure the setting is set to Solid=yes

To Extrude a Polyline -> ExtrudeCrv

keep the 2d drawing in one layer, and select another layer when working in 3D. Make sure deleteimput=No and if you forgot to put solid=yes. Use the "cap" command to close your shape

To Extrude a Polyline -> ExtrudeCrv

Different types of curve extrusion

Extrude curve ->

AlongCurve

Tapered

to point

Type of surface creation, join, and validate

1.PlanarSurf: for flat shapes

2.EdgeSurf: for open curves( meaning not joined curve)

3.for closed curve "patch"

4.Sweep

Create surfaces -> PlanarSurf/EdgeSrf/ Patch/Sweep

offset and offsetsrf

Extend with extrudesurf

FilletEdge

Drawing Curves and Revolve

 Revolve with History

-Select your 2d drawing

-activate "record history"

-Revolve or whatever other 3d command you want(loft, sweep, pipe...)

-Now if you change your control points the 3d shapes will change with it.

be careful, if you change the 3d surface, you can't use the history command anymore, it breaks it

Drawing Curves and Revolve

other ways of creating surfaces

"loft" command

Create surfaces -> Loft

Create surfaces -> NetworkSrf

Scale, scale 1d, scale2d

Working with Cplanes

click on surface

Type CPlane->3points

work on surfaces -> Cplanes

Edit your shapes/surfaces -> PointsOn

Curves with degrees/ straight polylines

Rebuild 2d lines and surfaces

Controlling surfaces through control points

-Hold the Alt key down, and press an Arrow key. The control points move (nudge) a small amount.

-Hold the Alt and the Ctrl key down and press another Arrow key.

The movement is much smaller.

- Hold the Alt and the Shift key down and press another Arrow key.

The movement is magnified.

Select all the points in one row along the top of the surface.

2. On the Transform menu, click Set X, Y, Z coordinates.

3. In the Set Points dialog box, check Set Z, and clear the Set X and Set Y check boxes.

Lasso with Scale 2D to manipulate your shapes

Twist

You can have the copy=yes, to keep your original shape intact

You can twist half your shape only, but make sure infinite=no

you can type in your degree of twist or do it manually

Bend

select the two ends and chose your direction

"pipe" command

Sweep 1

Helix + Spiral + Sweep 1

to slice or cut though your 3d model -> trim & Split

to slice or cut though your 3d model -> Wirecut & Split

ExtractSrf and Text tool

Control points with splitting and trimming using curves

Blendsrf > join your trimmed surfaces

you can use record history for the blend.

Yet, when you join the surfaces, the history record breaks

work on surfaces -> Revolve/ Rail Revolve

work with surfaces -> Rail Revolve

work with surfaces -> Rail Revolve

Pipe+ arraypolar+Booleandifference

Material

flow along surface

flow along surface

flow

Spotlight to add light, center horizontal, spotlight on duck, render

Libraries in command line

add ground material

Laser Cutting

Student Work

The "Klutz" Robot

Lottery Pig

Rivalship

NuVu Tool(box)

Slip-Cast Ceramic

Zoom Widgets

Open-Source VR Headset

Polar Bear Cake

3D Printing

Student Work

3D Printing

Laser Cutting

Can create more complex parts

Low cost & less waste

Huge support community

Generally slower than laser cutting

Post processing may be required

More experience needed to 3D model parts

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Extremely fast & precise

Can quickly etch details

Material range

Requires active ventilation

Higher cost

Less community support

VS

What is

Laser Cutting?

Imagine a super powerful light, like a laser pointer, but much stronger!

It can cut, draw, or make designs on different materials like wood, metal, plastic, and fabric.

The laser follows a picture or design that someone made on a computer.

Laser Cut

Laser Etched

Laser Cutting

Student Work

The "Klutz" Robot

Lottery Pig

Rivalship

NuVu Tool(box)

What is

3D Printing?

Imagine if you could draw something on the computer and then a machine turns your drawing into a real object you can hold!

That’s what 3D printing does by adding material, like plastic or metal, layer by layer, kind of like building with tiny blocks.

Slip-Cast Ceramic

Zoom Widgets

Open-Source VR Headset

Polar Bear Cake

3D Printing

Student Work

To 2D or 3D Model

In order to laser cut or 3D print, you first need to design digitally

Today we will use TinkerCAD

Agenda

Learn about TinkerCAD

Make an account and use the slides to start playing around with it

Start 3D Modeling

Sketch what you designed by deconstructing the shapes

Create a new file on TinkerCad to represent your deconstructed model (2D)

Compare your 3D model with your 2D file

Laser Cutting

3D Printing

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What is Tinkercad?

Tinkercad is a fun and easy-to-use computer program that helps you make 3D designs.

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Go to tinkercad.com

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Make your Account

3

Click on "Create your first 3D design"

choose a cube to start

change it's size!

add more shapes if you want!

4

Bring your model to paper by sketching what you designed on TinkerCAD (keep it 3D)

Now try to deconstruct each shape into a flat surface.

Use the next slides to help you do that!

SKETCH YOUR DESIGN

Using paper and a pencil, sketch the faces of the shapes you modeled on TinkerCAD.

Think about how they fold onto each other to become the 3D shape

How do you think they will connect?

What shape do you think this is to the right?

SKETCH YOUR DESIGN

4

CREATING 2D DESIGNS IN TINKERCAD

Create a new file on TinkerCad to represent your deconstructed model (2D File)

Click on Top View and add all the faces of each shape of your model

5

Discuss



What is the difference between your

3D file and your 2D file?

6

Laser Cut

2D Export

Click TOP to look straight down at the workplane because we will be designing for 2D cutting

Click Flat View

to look straight down at the workplane also

Click Export

when you are done designing and select SVG as your file type to laser cut

7

Remember

to set your lines to the material settings for what you are cutting

Remember

to turn on the air filter before you start your cut

ENJOY LASER CUTTING!

3D Print

3D Export

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Click Export

when you are done designing and select STL as your file type

Go back to your 3D Model

3D Printing

Slicer Workflow

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2 MINUTE TINKERCAD BEGINNER TUTORIAL